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About Us

Crypto Audit Certification

Vision & Mission

At CAC, our vision is to set the global benchmark for blockchain security, ensuring a decentralized digital ecosystem built on trust, resilience, and technological excellence. We are committed to fostering a future where blockchain technology is synonymous with security, transparency, and reliability. Through our Crypto Audit Certificate (CAC), we uphold the highest industry standards, providing organizations with the assurance that their systems meet rigorous security and compliance requirements.

Our mission is to drive the widespread adoption of blockchain technology by proactively mitigating security risks and enhancing regulatory confidence.

We achieve this through comprehensive security audits, in-depth risk assessments, and robust compliance frameworks, enabling businesses, developers, and institutions to operate with unparalleled certainty and protection. By reinforcing the integrity of smart contracts and decentralized applications, we empower innovators to build and scale with confidence. At CAC, we are not just securing blockchain—we are pioneering a future where security is the foundation of innovation, scalability, and long-term sustainability.

“Blockchain is evolving at an unprecedented pace. As we work alongside thousands of independent builders on Flow, CAC’s unrivaled expertise in security and compliance ensures that the ecosystem remains unbreakable. Their role in Flow’s growth is not just important—it’s indispensable.”

“In an era of rapid digitization, cybersecurity is not optional—it’s essential. At CAC, we stay ahead of emerging threats, continuously refining our audit methodologies to meet the evolving needs of the industry and our stakeholders.”

Accreditation Schedule – Audit and Inspection under :

  • ISO 20022
  • ISO 22222
  • ISO 13616-2020
  • ISO 6166:2021
  • ISO 10962:2021
  • IEEE 2140.1 – 2020
  • IEEE 2140.5 – 2020
  • ASC X9 TR 54-2020
  • ISO/TR 23244:2020
  • ISO 22739:2020
You will have an initial meeting with a CAC business lead.

OUR PROCESS

  • After receiving all necessary documentation and artefacts, we will assess the workload and provide a quote.
  • Once accepted, 3 – 4 of our auditors will independently review your code and documentation. They will check whether the code conforms to the provided specification. They will also perform automated analyses on the code, run the test suite, and measure test coverage.
  • Our auditors will then discuss any differences in their findings and come to consensus on solutions and recommendations
  • Our audit lead and business lead will communicate with your team if we need any further information.
  • After thorough scrutiny CAC will issue a certificate validating the Crypto account.

1

Blockchain Security

While blockchains began life to facilitate the development of cryptocurrencies, they are now widely used across businesses for smart contracts, online transaction management, asset record management, and securing critical data. Acting as digital ledgers residing in a distributed infrastructure, they enable the secure storage and structuring of important information in a manner that ensures the integrity and availability of the information. It is the principle of the immutable ledger that underpins the evolution of blockchain.  

 

This technology has created the need for crypto audit to provide independent assurance of the validity, security, and authenticity of the blockchains. Token audit is a highly specialised practice that few organisations can undertake, with our experienced and knowledgeable staff, CAC, one of the leading crypto audit companies, is ideally positioned to provide blockchain security audits services. Our auditors have a comprehensive understanding of blockchain and its implementing algorithms and underlying encryption methodology.

Crypto audit performed by a professional cryptocurrency auditor provides for the use of automated bug detection tools to reveal commonly known vulnerabilities and further manual execution of systematic and structured code review of the blockchain project. The key goal of crypto audit is the detection of high-severity bugs in a code. Before conducting an audit, the security team of the crypto audit company needs to get a deep understanding of the project’s architecture and use cases as well as recognize the key components of the target system. The key phase of blockchain audit is threat modelling that reveals data spoofing and data tempering and enables the detection of DDoS attacks on a blockchain system. And the last phase of crypto audit provides for the exploitation of revealed vulnerabilities to estimate the scope of potential threats a project under test can face and their further remediation.

Token audit conducted by crypto audit companies allows projects to prevent the exploitation of vulnerabilities that may result in the loss of clients’ assets. Blockchain audits also allow projects to prevent public access to smart contracts and, thus, protect them against facing the exploitation of their vulnerabilities. A crypto audit performed by a reputable cryptocurrency auditor will also serve as the indication of projects’ reliability to existing and potential investors.

The main factors determining the duration of a token audit are the project’s size and complexity. Depending on these factors, the duration of a crypto audican vary between 1-2 days and a few weeks or even months

The pricing scheme for a crypto audit heavily varies among crypto audit companies and, in most cases, is set up on an individual basis.

2

Penetration Testing

In the modern threatful digital environment, every company strives to have an understanding of the scope of security risks it faces and its vulnerability to cyberattacks. One of the most effective ways for companies to realise whether their systems are vulnerable to breaches is penetration testing performed by professional cybersecurity vendors. Secure and up-to-date infrastructure is the key element of the company’s cybersecurity. Network penetration testing including internal and external pentests is the instrument allowing companies to prevent data breaches and, thus,the associated financial and reputational losses.

One of the most popular types of pentests is external penetration testing. The companies that are focused on securing their clients perform this type of security assessment on a regular basis. External network penetration testing encompasses all systems and their elements that are potentially reachable from the Internet. Malicious actors attack these systems very frequently and that is why external infrastructure penetration testing is an indispensable security process for both SMEs and large corporations. When performing external penetration testing, security specialists try to use the same techniques like the ones followed by real malicious actors. That is why external pentest allow companies to address real security vulnerabilities.

External penetration testing simulates the situation when an attacker does not have any secret information about the company’s security policy, implemented protection measures or configurations. The specialists responsible for conducting external pentest have access only to open information that, in the real world, is available to everyone. That is why external network penetration testing allows companies to prepare themselves to address future cyberattacks initiated by both amateurs and high-skilled attackers. Apart from identifying weaknesses, the specialists performing external pentest will also investigate the scope of these weaknesses so that your company may realise whether fixing these weaknesses should have a top-priority status. External penetration testing shows companies the effectiveness of the security measures they apply to protect their perimeters. Also, external infrastructure penetration testing is focused on detecting security issues in mail, web, and FTP servers that are the most frequently used servers by employees. Thus, by securing their perimeters through the conduct of external network penetration testing companies can eliminate the reasons behind potential security compromises.

Our specialists will instruct you on any matters related to external penetration testing and will specify the scope and timeline of the associated activities. When performing external pentest our specialists stay in touch with you to ensure that the process runs smoothly and your systems are not affected. Hacken external penetration testing will show you the weaknesses that may be potentially severely exploited by malicious actors and provide detailed guidelines and recommendations on how to fix these security issues in the most efficient manner.

Upon applying for external penetration testing by Hacken, you will get high-quality services provided by the leading industry specialists within the specified deadlineand in full scope. You will see in what directions you should develop the security policy in your company to prevent data breaches in the future. After the end of external penetration testing, you will have a clear picture of what security changes need to be introduced and in what priority to guarantee the security of your employees and customers.

CAC is the recognised industry leader when speaking about external penetration testing. Every year our specialists test the security of dozens of companies representing the most innovative industries such as blockchain, telecommunication, financial services, etc. CAC is trusted by leaders since we guarantee the quality of our external penetration testing services and always consider client’s feedback. We grow together with our clients and it’s our strength.

3

Social engineering Tests What are social engineering and social engineering tests ?

Social engineering is the exploitation by malicious actors of individual psychological weaknesses of users for the purpose of gaining access to corporate resources or assets. There are generally off-site and in-site types of social engineering attacks.

According to the information provided by Verizon Enterprise, around 85% of recorded cyberattacks involve the exploitation of human errors. Hackers actively try to trick employees to perform activities that can result in thecompromise of corporate data or theft of assets. Often, hackers rely on employees’ lack of awareness about common hacking techniques applied by malicious actors or try to benefit from employees being in stress or in a rush. That is why every solid company should contribute efforts and resources to prepare employees for addressing social engineering threats. One of the most effective ways for companies to test their resistance to social engineering attacks is the social engineering test that is also referred to as social engineering penetration testing.

Social engineering test allows companies to assess employees’ adherence to corporate security standards. Security specialists conducting social engineering penetration testing look for publicly available information related to the client’s employees that may allow attackers to carry out targeted attacks against them to get access to corporate data or compromise the corporate network. The next phase of the social engineering test is the conduct of attacks targeting chosen employees to estimate the scope of potential damage to the company resulting from employees failure to address social engineering attacks. Also, the social engineering penetration test provides for identifying loopholes in the corporate security infrastructure. Before the social engineering test, many companies do not even realise how easily hackers can exploit their security weaknesses using only publicly available information about their employees.

CAC is one of the most reputable providers of social engineering penetration testing services to corporate clients. During the social engineering penetration testing, CAC specialists will evaluate the level of awareness of your employees about social engineering threats and will estimate the efficiency of technical protection mechanisms applied by a client by simulating phishing attacks, checking configurations, and retraining employees when required.

CAC can also offer its corporate clients permanent protection from the most popular types of cyberattacks based on social engineering techniques such as phishing, pharming, and other impersonation-based attacks. The list of key characteristics of CAC social engineering penetration testing services includes:

  1. Rapid identification and takedown of phishing websites and messages
  2. Takedown of suspicious Google ads and malicious social media accounts.
  3. Reconnaissance activities to detect flaws in the systems of the target company
  4. Email phishing testing.
  5. Vishing(voice phishing) as well as other types of cyberthreats, if appropriate.

Overall, the social engineering penetration test is one of the main security measures that need to be taken on a regular basis by every company interested in mitigating the scope of security threats existing in the digital environment.

CPA auditors should be aware that blockchain technology is a new form of database and each blockchain implementation may have different characteristics that make it unique. While the technology is emerging, there is a risk that a specific blockchain implementation does not live up to the promise of the technology. In the current ecosystem, there are two major classifications of blockchain networks: permission-less and with-permission. The biggest difference is the determination of which parties are allowed access to the network. A blockchain may be shared publicly with anyone who has access to the Internet (i.e., permissionless or “public” blockchain), or shared with only certain participants (i.e., permissioned or “private” blockchain).

Social engineering penetration testing allows companies to prevent serious data breaches and compromise of their networks resulting from employees failure to timely recognize malicious activities. Also, upon passing a social engineering test companies get detailed reports from a security vendor containing recommendations on how to improve their security policies and what new security measures should be introduced to prevent possible exploitation of human factors.

Social engineering penetration testing allows companies to prevent huge financial and reputational losses as a result of possible cyberattacks targeting their employees. The risks associated with this form of security testing are minimal since the procedure is carried out under the supervision of the client’s responsible officers.Generally, by applying for social engineering test companies can become prepared enough to address most types of modern cyberattacks.

A CryptoCurrency Security Standard Auditor is an expert in the CCSS.
CCSSAs are able to apply the CCSS standard to any information system that uses cryptocurrencies, calculating a grade for the system according to the CCSS. CCSSAs have professional working knowledge in all 33 aspects of the Crypto Currency Security Standard (CCSS The following careers would benefit from a CCSSA certification:
1. .Information System Auditors
2. CyberSecurity Professionals
3. Blockchain Engineers
4. Software Engineers
5. Anyone who wants the formal ability to grade information systems against the CCSS

The Blockchain preparation auditing helps organisations manage the preparation for using blockchain technology-the underlying distributed network system often associated with the decentralised cryptocurrency, bitcoin-found in applications across myriad industries. Covering all aspects of blockchain, from pre-implementation, governance, development, security, transactions and consensus, this program guides auditors in identifying and developing key policies, procedures and controls to mitigate risk and streamline processes prior to a blockchain implementation and includes a blockchain technology audit preparation program worksheet. By using this program, auditors gain tools to.

  1. Provide management with an assessment of whether their proposed blockchain technology control environment is adequately designed and operationally effective
  2. Identify potential blockchain risks which could result in reputational and/or material financial impact
  3. Provide management with a holistic perspective on blockchain technology that considers both technical and non-technical factors

 

Enterprises often use CASBs to manage risks, such as those associated with various deployment models, identity management, and compliance with data drive regulations. This audit program factors in several considerations auditors should keep in mind when assessing whether operational and compliance expectations can be met with their CASB deployment, including.

  1. Identity management of users, inclusive of privileged users and enhanced access groups
  2. Mitigation of risks associated with different deployment models
  3. Asset management and protection through security initiatives such as physical security and through program management (key management and incident response as examples).

Following the 25 May 2018 implementation date, the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) gives EU residents control over their personal data wherever this data may reside, standardising regulation across the EU and the European Economic Area (EEA) as well as affecting all enterprises that process data from EU/EEA countries. It provides guidance to:

  1. Provide management with an assessment of GDPR policies and procedures and their operating effectiveness
  2. Identify control weaknesses which could result in increased use of unsanctioned GDPR solutions (and higher likelihood that the solutions are not detected)
  3. Evaluate the effectiveness of the organisation’s practices and on going management of GDPR.

CPA auditors should be aware that blockchain technology is a new form of database and each blockchain implementation may have different characteristics that make it unique. While the technology is emerging, there is a risk that a specific blockchain implementation does not live up to the promise of the technology.

A permissionless blockchain is open to any potential user. For example, the Bitcoin blockchain is a public or permissionless blockchain; anyone can participate as a node in the chain by agreeing to relay and validate transactions on the network thereby offering their computer processor as a node. Joining the blockchain is as simple as downloading the software and bitcoin ledger from the internet. Because the blockchain maintains a list of every transaction ever performed, it reflects the full transaction history and account balances of all parties.

While a permissionless blockchain lives up to the potential of the technology by allowing anyone access, it can have limitations that are difficult to remedy. For example, when the blockchain is created, transaction volume or size may be set to the best available technology at the time. As technology advances, initial settings may become limitations that may make the blockchain out of date, potentially slowing transaction speeds. Users of permissionless blockchains should also be aware that their transaction history is exposed to anyone who downloads the database for as long as the database is active. While it may be difficult for an outside party to identify a participant on the blockchain, if a participant is identified, their entire transaction history would be public.

A key development in blockchain technology was the introduction of smart contracts. Smart contracts are computer code stored on a blockchain that executes actions under specified circumstances. They enable counterparties to automate tasks usually performed manually through a third-party intermediary. Smart-contract technology can speed up business pro- cesses, reduce operational error, and improve cost efficiency.

The public looks to CPA auditors to enhance trust in the audited information of the companies they audit and help a multi-trillion dollar capital markets system function with greater confidence. CPA auditors practise under strict regulations, professional codes of conduct and auditing standards, and are independent of the entities they audit. They apply objectivity and professional scepticism to provide reasonable assurance about whether an entity’s financial statements are free of material misstatement and, depending on the engagement, about whether a company’s internal controls over financial reporting are operating effectively. Some publications have hinted that blockchain technology might eliminate the need for a financial statement audit by a CPA auditor altogether. If all transactions are captured in an immutable blockchain, then what is left for a CPA auditor to audit? While verifying the occurrence of a transaction is a building block in a financial statement audit, it is just one of the important aspects. An audit involves an assessment that recorded transactions are supported by evidence that is relevant, reliable, objective, accurate, and verifiable. The acceptance of a transaction into a reliable blockchain may constitute sufficient appropriate audit evidence for certain financial statement assertions such as the occurrence of the transaction (e.g., that an asset recorded on the blockchain
  • Blockchain Technology and Its Potential Impact on the Audit and Assurance Profession
Therefore, recording a transaction in a blockchain may or may not provide sufficient appropriate audit evidence related to the nature of the transaction. In other words, a transaction recorded in a blockchain may still be:
  1. Unauthorised, fraudulent or illegal
  2. Executed between related parties
  3. Linked to a side agreement that is “off-chain”
  4. Incorrectly classified in the financial statements.
Furthermore, many transactions recorded in the financial statements reflect estimated values that differ from historical cost. Auditors will still need to consider and perform audit procedures on management’s estimates, even if the underlying transactions are recorded in a blockchain. Widespread blockchain adoption may enable central locations to obtain audit data, and CPA auditors may develop procedures to obtain audit evidence directly from blockchains. However, even for such transactions, the CPA auditor needs to consider the risk that the information is inaccurate due to error or fraud. This will present new challenges because a blockchain likely would not be controlled by the entity being audited. The CPA auditor will need to extract the data from the blockchain and also consider whether it is reliable. This process may include considering general information technology controls (GITCs) related to the blockchain environment.

Despite these complexities, blockchain technology offers an opportunity to streamline financial reporting and audit processes. Today, account reconciliations, trial balances, journal entries, sub-ledger extracts, and supporting spreadsheet files are provided to a CPA auditor in a variety of electronic and manual formats. Each audit begins with different information and schedules that require a CPA auditor to invest significant time when planning an audit. In a blockchain world, the CPA auditor could have near real-time data access via read-only nodes on blockchains. This may allow an auditor to obtain information required for the audit in a consistent, recurring format.